# Pittstown, Rensselaer County, New York in the 1830s

> A hilly farming town of turnpikes, mills, schoolhouse churches, and small hamlets tied to Troy and Vermont.

- Place: Pittstown, Rensselaer County, New York (42.835, -73.485)
- Years: 1830 to 1839
- Page: https://yorehistory.com/place/pittstown-rensselaer-county-new-york/1830s
- Step into it (interactive): https://yorehistory.com/?step=Pittstown%2C%20Rensselaer%20County%2C%20New%20York%2C%20USA&at=42.8351,-73.4851&year=1835

## Looking around

You stand in a town whose ground rises into mountains in the south and east[2] and eases into moderately hilly country in the north[2]. Around the roads are gravelly and slaty loam fields[2], with flax grown extensively[2] and farm work feeding small water-powered trades. At Pittstown Corners there are about 20 dwellings[1], one Baptist church[1], two stores[1], and one tavern[1]. The northern turnpike carries the eye toward Tomhannock, 13 miles northeast of Troy[1], where a grist mill[1], Presbyterian and Methodist Episcopal churches[1], two taverns[1], three stores[1], and about 20 dwellings[1] cluster near Otter Creek. Farther north, Johnsonville is 19 miles from Troy[1] and has one tavern, three stores, one grist mill, one saw mill, a woolen factory and about 20 dwellings[1]. Worship may be held in schoolhouses[1], and the road network brings letters and newspapers[1] through from Albany, Troy, Bennington, and Cambridge.

## Work: Farms, flax, and mills

The ground is worked as farm country: flax was extensively cultivated[2], and the hamlets used water power for a grist mill[1] and a saw mill and woolen factory[1]. Johnsonville's 1836 listing shows a mixed rural economy, with one tavern, three stores, one grist mill, one saw mill, a woolen factory and about 20 dwellings[1].

## Faith: Schoolhouse religion

Worship often begins before a church building: Raymertown Methodists had been worshiping in a schoolhouse[1] before their 1835 incorporation. The Universalists organized at Wadsworth School House[4] in 1839 after notice on two Sabbaths.

## Law & power: Town officers and courts

Local power ran through elected town offices such as supervisor, town clerk, assessors, collectors, poormasters, and constables[1]. County legal authority still mattered: the Universalist certificate was acknowledged before a judge of the Rensselaer County Courts[4] and recorded by the county clerk.

## In the air: Rent, land, and rights

Pittstown was outside the East Manor, but the county around it was entering an argument over old landlord power: Stephen Van Rensselaer III died in 1839[3], and nearby leaseholders challenged rents and feudal-style obligations. As across the manor towns, grievances included wheat rent, four fat hens, one day of service, quarter-sale payments, and retained timber, mineral, and water rights[3].

## Home & table: Small hamlets, many roads

Pittstown was not one compact village: Pittstown Corners[1] and Tomhannock[1] each had about 20 dwellings in 1836. Ordinary domestic detail is harder to recover, because no opened online source describes the materials, floor plans, or interiors of ordinary Pittstown houses in the 1830s.

## Money: Costs appear unevenly

Church building costs give rare local numbers: Tomhannock's early Methodist frame meetinghouse cost about $1,000[1], while the Valley Falls Methodist frame edifice begun in 1839 cost about $1,300[1]. A full local cost of living is missing, because no opened source gives a Pittstown-specific 1830s wage table, store price list, or farm household budget.

## Who lived here: Nearly four thousand residents

The town held 3,702 people in 1830[1] and 3,919 in 1835[1], making it a populous rural town rather than a single village. Its churches show denominational variety: Friends[1], Baptists, Presbyterians, Methodists, Universalists, and Christians all appear in the record.

## Roads & news: Troy, Albany, Bennington

News arrived by road: the older post route had a rider reaching Pittstown on Tuesday[1] after leaving Albany on Monday evening. The main road world pointed both west and east, with the Northern Turnpike subscription network linking Lansingburgh, Pittstown, Buskirk's Bridge, Cambridge, Salem, Hebron, and Granville[1].

## Year by year

- **1830** (here): Pittstown counted 3,702 residents in the federal census.[1]
- **1832** (the country): Cholera spread through many American communities after reaching North America, a national public-health fear likely discussed in New York towns tied to Albany and Troy.
- **1835** (here): A Methodist Episcopal society in the south part of Pittstown incorporated after worshiping in the Raymertown schoolhouse.[1]
- **1836** (here): Pittstown Corners, Tomhannock, and Johnsonville were described in gazetteer terms by their miles from Troy, stores, taverns, churches, mills, and dwellings.[1]
- **1837** (the country): The Panic of 1837 shook credit, trade, and farm markets across the United States.
- **1838** (here): A Christian church was organized in the southeastern part of Pittstown, later known as Boyntonville.[1]
- **1839** (nearby): Stephen Van Rensselaer III died, and the Anti-Rent conflict began to take shape in nearby manor towns of Rensselaer and Albany counties.[3]
- **1839** (here): The First Universalist Society in Pittstown organized at Wadsworth School House.[4]

## What the sources say

- Pittstown had been a town since March 7, 1788, and in the 1830s it lay on Rensselaer County's northern boundary between Schaghticoke on the west and Hoosick on the east. (from the sources)[1]
- The town's surface was described in later gazetteers as mountainous in the south and east. (inferred)[2]
- The same gazetteer tradition described the northern part of Pittstown as declining into moderately hilly country. (inferred)[2]
- Pittstown's soil was chiefly described as gravelly and slaty loam. (inferred)[2]
- Flax was said to be extensively cultivated in Pittstown, and manufacturing was carried on to some extent. (inferred)[2]
- The town's recorded population was 3,702 in 1830, 3,919 in 1835, and 3,784 in 1840. (from the sources)[1]
- Pittstown was not inside William Van Rensselaer's East Manor when the Anti-Rent struggle took shape after Stephen Van Rensselaer III died in 1839. (from the sources)[3]
- Across nearby Rensselaer County, the Anti-Rent conflict grew out of leasehold burdens that could include wheat rent, four fat hens, one day of service, quarter-sale payments, and retained timber, mineral, and water rights. (from the sources)[3]
- Pittstown's old public offices included supervisor, town clerk, assessors, collectors, poormasters, and constables, offices first elected at the April 1789 town meeting. (from the sources)[1]
- In 1790, a post rider left Albany on Monday evening, reached Pittstown on Tuesday, Bennington on Wednesday, Little White Creek and Cambridge on Thursday, Tomhannock and Schaghticoke on Friday, and Hoosick on Saturday. (from the sources)[1]
- The Northern Turnpike company was taking subscriptions by June 1799 at Lansingburgh, Pittstown, Buskirk's Bridge, Cambridge, Salem, Hebron, and Granville. (from the sources)[1]
- Tomhannock Methodist Episcopal Church began from schoolhouse preaching, incorporated in 1811, and built a frame meetinghouse on the west side of the northern turnpike for about $1,000. (from the sources)[1]
- In 1836, Pittstown Corners was described as 13 miles from Troy, with one Baptist church, two stores, one tavern, and about 20 dwellings. (from the sources)[1]
- In 1836, Tomhannock, then written Tomhenick, was described on the northern turnpike, 13 miles northeast of Troy, with a grist mill, Presbyterian and Methodist Episcopal churches, two taverns, three stores, and about 20 dwellings. (from the sources)[1]
- In 1836, Johnsonville was described as 19 miles from Troy and a mile northwest of the northern turnpike, with one tavern, three stores, one grist mill, one saw mill, a woolen factory, and about 20 dwellings. (from the sources)[1]
- The Friends, or Quakers, had a Pittstown meetinghouse on the north side of the middle road about two miles north of Pittstown Corners, with a burial ground on the south side. (from the sources)[1]
- A Methodist congregation in the Raymertown neighborhood had been worshiping in a schoolhouse before incorporating on May 11, 1835. (from the sources)[1]
- The First Universalist Society in Pittstown was organized at Wadsworth School House on September 23, 1839, after notice had been given for two Sabbaths. (from the sources)[4]
- A Christian church was organized in 1838 in the southeastern part of the town later known as Boyntonville, and its house of worship was erected in 1840 on Main Street. (from the sources)[1]
- The Methodist church at Valley Falls began building a frame edifice on State Street in 1839, at a reported cost of about $1,300 and with about 300 seats. (from the sources)[1]
- Before railroads reached Pittstown hamlets later in the century, ordinary travel and freight in the 1830s depended on turnpikes, local roads, wagons, horses, and stage connections. (inferred)
- No online source opened here gives a Pittstown-specific 1830s wage table, store price list, or farm household budget. (not known)
- No online source opened here describes the materials, floor plans, or interiors of ordinary Pittstown houses in the 1830s. (not known)

## Sources

1. History of the Seventeen Towns of Rensselaer County, from the Colonization of the Manor of Rensselaerwyck to the Present Time. A. J. Weise, 1880. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/History_of_the_seventeen_towns_of_Rensselaer_County%2C_from_the_colonization_of_the_Manor_of_Rensselaerwyck_to_the_present_time_%28IA_cu31924064123015%29.pdf
2. History of the Town of Pittstown. Rensselaer County NYGenWeb / Ray's Place. https://rensselaer.nygenweb.net/pitts.htm
3. Rensselaer County Rises for the Anti-Rent War. New York Almanack, 2025. https://www.newyorkalmanack.com/2025/02/williarn-c-bouck-anti-rent-war/
4. Pittstown, Rensselaer Co. NY: First Universalist Society Incorporation, 1839. New York State Church Records Archive, 1839. https://www.nyscu.org/Archives/Incorporations%20O-Z/PITTSTOWN%201839.pdf

## Nearby, about the same time

- [New Boston, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire in the 1820s](https://yorehistory.com/place/new-boston-hillsborough-county-new-hampshire/1820s/md) (147 km)
- [Goffstown, New Hampshire in the 1810s](https://yorehistory.com/place/goffstown-new-hampshire/1810s/md) (155 km)

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Researched by Yore's AI historian (gpt-5.5) on 2026-10-12 from the sources listed. It is about the place and the time, not about any person. Statements marked "inferred" are conclusions, not records. Cite as: Yore, "Pittstown, Rensselaer County, New York in the 1830s", https://yorehistory.com/place/pittstown-rensselaer-county-new-york/1830s